Detailed, Step-by-Step NCERT Solutions for 11 History Chapter 6 The Three Orders Questions and Answers were solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines covering each topic in chapter to ensure complete preparation.
The Three OrdersNCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 6
The Three Orders Questions and Answers Class 11 History Chapter 6
Question 1.
Describe two features of early feudal society in France.
Answer:
Two features of feudal society in France were :
(i) The king was lowered to the people by vassalage, a kind of Iqta system.
(ii) Nobles were big landlords and vassals of the king and Peasants were vassal of nobles.
Question 2.
How did long-term changes in population levels affect economy and society in Europe?
Answer:
New agricultural technology coupled with change in environment from cold phase to Germ phase during eleventh century brought increase in popular rapidly. Peasants brought change in land use and it ensured agriculture production in bumper quantum.
Population in Europe was 42 million in 1000 CE which increased for 62 million around 1200 CE and 73 million in 1300 E. Life expectancy also increased 10 years more than it was earlier calculated, bile span of men was greater than the women as they used to eat nutrious food while the later had to depend in coarse food. Some changes in economy were—
- Promotion of trade and commerce.
- Rebuilding of mined towns which were prosperous during Roman empire.
- Growth of periodic fairs and small marketing centres.
- Construction of cathedral towns.
- Guilds (Assocation/Union) of different industries constituted.
Question 3.
Why did Knights become a distinct group and when did they decline?
Answer:
It was the change taken place in ninth century owing to following circumstances—
(i) Frequent internal wars and conflicts took place.
(ii) Need was felt for good cavalry.
(iii) It was not a new section but distinct group under lords (noble men). Control by nobility is all apparent from the condition of the Fief (between 1000 and 2000 acres) awarded to them.
This distinct group was declined in twelfth century when the new monarchy (Kingship System) replaced the feudal system.
Question 4.
What was the function of medieval monasteries?
Answer:
Monasteries in medieval period were assigned with the work of propagation of Christianity. There were residences of the people not attached to worldly charms and liked living in solitude. Monasteries would teach, give treatment to the patients and maintain large estates.
Question 5.
Imagine and describe a day in the life of a craftsmen in a medieval French town.
Answer:
Routine of a craftsman
- He will get up early in the morning and engage with the craft his own.
- Cathedrel Church (town) will get his services daily.
- He would manufacture things, make a list of them in quality and quantity and assign the same to the guild.
- The officers under guild will verify the quality and quantity of the things produced. On their satisfaction, a token will be issued to him.
- The craftsman would get payment on production of that token and do purchase of goods for his family.
Question 6.
Compare the conditions of life for a French serf and a Roman slave.
Answer:
French serf—He would cultivate the land owned by the lord for his survival. The production shall be distributed under monopoly of the lord in which his share shall be kept minimal. Besides, he would work without wage in the fields which were exclusively belonged to the lord. He would not leave the estate without the permission of the lord.
The lord claimed a number of monopolies at the expense of his serfs. They would use their lord’s mill to grind their flour, his oven to bake their bread and his wine presses to distil wine and beer. The lord would allow marriage of serf’s choice only when he will pay a fee for that blessing.
Roman slave—Roman slaves were bought from South Africa and their condition was not better than a pet animal. Their legs were chained in a group of ten each and strict supervision while they work. They were branded so that search can be made easily if any slave is absconded anyway. They were kept in a cluster of city agglomeration in unhygeinic conditions. No wage like thing was given to the slaves.
Conclusion—It can be concluded on the basis of above account that the JFrench serf was in much better condition than the slave under Roman empire.