NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Exercise 7.8

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8

Question 1.
\(\int_{a}^{b} x d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int_{a}^{b} x d x\)
f(x) = x, nh = b – a
f(a) = a
f[a + h) = a + h
f(a + 2 h) = a+ 2h,
……………………….
f[a + (n – 1)h) = a + (n – 1)h
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8 1

Question 2.
\(\int_{0}^{5}(x+1) d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int_{0}^{5}(x+1) d x\)
We have a = 0, b = 5 and f(x) = x + 1
nh = b-a = 5 – 0 = 5
f(0) = 0 + 1 = 1
f(0 + h) = 0 + h + 1 = h + 1
f(0 + 2h) = 0 + 2h + 1 = 2h + 1
………………………….
f(0 + (n – 1 )h) = 0 + (n – 1)h + 1 = (n – 1)h + 1
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8 2

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8

Question 3.
\(\int_{2}^{3} x^{2} d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int_{2}^{3} x^{2} d x\)
f(x) = x², a = 2, b = 3, nh = b – a = 3 – 2 = 1
f(2) = 2² = 4,
f(2 + h) = (2 + h)² = 4 + h² + 4h
f(2 + 2h) = (2 + 2h)² = 4+ 4h² + 8h
………………………….
f(2 + (n – 1 )h) = (2 + (n – 1)h]² = 4 + (h – 1)²h² + 4(n – 1)h
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8 3

Question 4.
\(\int_{1}^{4}\left(x^{2}-x\right) d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int_{1}^{4}\left(x^{2}-x\right) d x\)
We have a = 1, b = 4, f(x) = x² – x and nh = b – a = 4 – 1 = 3
f(1) = 1² – 1 = 0
f(1 + h) = (1 + h)² – (1 + h) = h² + h
f(1 + 2h) = (1 + 2h)² – (1 + 2 h) = 2²h² + 2 h
………………………….
f(1 + n – 1)h) = [1 + (n – 1)h]² – [1 + (n – 1)h] = (n – 1)² h² +(n – 1 )h
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8 4

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8

Question 5.
\(\int_{-1}^{1} e^{x} d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int_{-1}^{1} e^{x} d x\)
We have a = – 1, b = 1, f(x) = ex, nh = b – a = 1 + 1 = 2
f(- 1) = e-1
f(- 1 + h) = e-1+h
f(- 1 + 2h) = e-1+2h
………………………….
f(- 1 + (n – h)h) = e-1+(n-1)h
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8 5

Question 6.
\(\int_{0}^{4}\left(x+e^{2 x}\right) d x\)
Solution:
Let I = \(\int_{0}^{4}\left(x+e^{2 x}\right) d x\)
f(x) = x + e2x
a = 0, b = 4, nh = b – a = 4 – 0 = 4
f(0) = 0 + e0 = 1
f(0 + h) = (0 + h) + e2(0+h) = h + e2h
f(0 + 2h) = (0 + 2h) + e2(0+h) = 2h + e2h
………………………….
f(0 + (n – 1)h) = (0 + (n – 1 )h) + e2(0+h)=(n – 1 )h + e2(n-1)h
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 7 Integrals Ex 7.8 6

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