Peasants were unable to pay such high fixed revenue so the Ryots fled and villages became deserted. Because of these problems the aim of optimistic officials to transform peasants into rich enterprising farmers failed completely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nQuestion 6. \nWhy were Ryots reluctant to grow indigo? \nAnswer: \nThe increasing demand of Bengal indigo resulted in attraction of the Britishers towards becoming the indigo planters and investing in the plantation process of indigo.<\/p>\n
(i) There were two main systems introduced for the indigo cultivation: Nij and Ryoti.<\/p>\n
(ii) Planters forced the Ryots to sign contracts and paid them advances at the low rates of interest to produce indigo. This loan although helped the cultivators for short time but later due to commitment of cultivating indigo on atleast 25% of area under them made them unable to fulfil their other crop demands. They were trapped in cycle of loan from which it was difficult to come out. This is why the ryots were reluctant to grow indigo.<\/p>\n
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Question 7. \nWhat were the circumstances which led to the eventual collapse of indigo production in Bengal? \nAnswer: \nIndigo production in Bengal collapsed because in 1859 thousands of Ryots refused to pay rents to the planters and started to rebel against oppressive policy of planters. With help of local zamindars and village headmen who were forced to sign contracts, they got mobilised against the planters.<\/p>\n
After the Revolt of 1857 the British government was worried of another popular rebellion talking place so, they brought in the military to protect the planters from assault and Indigo Commission was setup to enquire into system of indigo production in which the Commission found the planters guilty and criticised their activity. The Commission declared the indigo production non-profitable for Ryots. The Commission asked Ryots to fulfil their existing contract but also told them that ryots could refuse to produce indigo in future. This is how indigo production collapsed in Bengal.<\/p>\n
Question 8. \nFind out more about the Champaran Movement and Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s role in it. \nAnswer: \nIn Champaran and as a matter of fact in the whole of Bihar, there was an enormous personal increase in the land rent. The peasants were forced to grow indigo on the best part of their land. They were also required to dedicate their time and labour to crop decided by the landlord. The peasants were paid very poor wage and it was not enough to earn their livelihood.<\/p>\n
The Champaran peasantry suffered terrible at the hand of European planters. Both landlords and the Government officials had made an alliance together as a tool of oppression to the peasants. Thus, the people led subhuman lives like animals and suffering from all kinds of miseries. As a result, people of Champarana wanted relief from these worse conditions.<\/p>\n
Role of Mahatma Gandhi in Champarana Movement:<\/p>\n
The Champaran peasant movement was launched in 1917-18. Its objective was to create awakening among the peasants against the European planters. In 1916, the Indian National Congress in its Lucknow session, discussed the peasant situation of Champaran. Gandhiji wanted to improve the relations between the jamindars and tenants. The struggle of the Champaran peasants took place in April 1917.<\/p>\n
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Mahatma Gandhi wrote a letter to the District Magistrate of Champaran, wherein he showed his concern to give the peasants freedom from landlords and governmeant. Participation of the general peasantry and the ideology of non-violence gave strength to the peasants as well as to the movement. The Champarana movement which was led by Gandhi is described to be a success story in the history of peasant movements in India.<\/p>\n
Question 9. \nLook into the history of either tea and coffee plantations in India. See how the life of workers in these plantations was similar to or different from that of workers in indigo plantation \nAnswer: \nStudents may discuss with Class Teacher and attempt the answer.<\/p>\n
Hope the data shared above regarding the NCERT Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside PDF has aided in your exam preparation. If you ever need any assistance you can always reach us and our team will guide you at the soonest possibility.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ruling the Countryside Class 8 Questions and Answers Provided helps you to answer complex Questions too easily. You can use them while preparing for board exams and all of them are given by subject experts. Reading NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 3 Ruling the Countryside familiarizes you with the kind of …<\/p>\n
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