Choose the correct option:<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1.
\nWhich of the following can be made into crystal?
\n(a) A Bacterium
\n(b) An Amoeba
\n(c) A Virus
\n(d) A Sperm
\nAnswer:
\n(c) A Virus<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nA cell will swell up if
\n(a) The concentration of water molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium
\n(b) The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell
\n(c) The concentration of water molecules is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium
\n(d) Concentration of water molecules does not matter
\nAnswer:
\n(b) The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nChromosomes are made up of
\n(a) DNA
\n(b) protein
\n(c) DNA and protein
\n(d) RNA
\nAnswer:
\n(c) DNA and protein<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nWhich of these options are not a function of Ribosomes?
\n(i) It helps in manufacture of protein molecules
\n(ii) It helps in manufacture of enzymes
\n(iii) It helps in manufacture of hormones
\n(iv) It helps in manufacture of starch mol\u00acecules
\n(a) (i) and (ii)
\n(b) (ii) and (iii)
\n(c) (iii) and (iv)
\n(d) (iv) and (i)
\nAnswer:
\n(c) (iii) and (iv)<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\nWhich of these is not related to endoplasmic reticulum?
\n(a) It behaves as transport channel for proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm
\n(b) It transports materials between various regions in cytoplasm
\n(c) It can be the site of energy generation
\n(d) It can be the site for some biochemical activities of the cell
\nAnswer:
\n(c) It can be the site of energy generation<\/p>\n
Question 6.
\nFollowing are a few definitions of osmosis Read carefully and select the correct definition
\n(a) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane
\n(b) Movement of solvent molecules from its higher concentration to lower concentration
\n(c) Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration of solution through a permeable membrane
\n(d) Movement of solute molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration of solution through a semipermeable membrane
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane<\/p>\n
Question 7.
\nPlasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as
\n(a) break down (lysis ) of plasma membrane in hypotonic medium
\n(b) shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium
\n(c) shrinkage of nucleoplasm
\n(d) none of them
\nAnswer:
\n(b) shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium<\/p>\n
Question 8.
\nWhich of the following are covered by a single membrane?
\n(a) Mitochondria
\n(b) Vacuole
\n(c) Lysosome
\n(d) Plastid
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Vacuole<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 9.
\nFind out the false sentences
\n(a) Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes
\n(b) Nucleus, mitochondria and plastid have DNA; hence they are able to make their own structural proteins
\n(c) Mitochondria is said to be the powerhouse of the cell as ATP is generated in them.
\n(d) Cytoplasm is called as protoplasm
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes<\/p>\n
Question 10.
\nFind out the correct sentence
\n(a) Enzymes packed in Lysosomes are made through RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)
\n(b) Rough endoplasmic reticulum and
\nsmooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipid and protein respectively
\n(c) Endoplasmic reticulum is related with the destruction of plasma membrane
\n(d) Nucleoid is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Enzymes packed in Lysosomes are made through RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)<\/p>\n
Question 11.
\nWhich cell organelle plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs in a cell?
\n(a) Golgi apparatus
\n(b) Lysosomes
\n(c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
\n(d) Vacuoles
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum<\/p>\n
Question 12.
\nThe proteins and lipids, essential for building the cell membrane, are manufactured by
\n(a) rough endoplasmic reticulum
\n(b) golgi apparatus
\n(c) plasma membrane
\n(d) mitochondria
\nAnswer:
\n(a) rough endoplasmic reticulum<\/p>\n
Question 13.
\nThe undefined nuclear region of prokaryotes are also known as
\n(a) nucleus
\n(b) nucleolus
\n(c) nucleic acid
\n(d) nucleoid
\nAnswer:
\n(d) nucleoid<\/p>\n
Question 14.
\nThe cell organelle involved in forming complex sugars from simple sugars are
\n(a) endoplasmic reticulum
\n(b) ribosomes
\n(c) plastids
\n(d) golgi apparatus
\nAnswer:
\n(d) golgi apparatus<\/p>\n
Question 15.
\nWhich out of the following is not a function of vacuole?
\n(a) Storage
\n(b) Providing turgidity and rigidity to the cell
\n(c) Waste excretion
\n(d) Locomotion
\nAnswer:
\n(d) Locomotion<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 16.
\nAmoeba acquires its food through a process, termed
\n(a) exocytosis
\n(b) endocytosis
\n(c) plasmolysis
\n(d) exocytosis and endocytosis both
\nAnswer:
\n(b) endocytosis<\/p>\n
Question 17.
\nCell wall of which one of these is not made up of cellulose?
\n(a) Bacteria
\n(b) Hydrilla
\n(c) Mango tree
\n(d) Cactus
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Bacteria<\/p>\n
Question 18.
\nSilver nitrate solution is used to study
\n(a) endoplasmic reticulum
\n(b) golgi apparatus
\n(c) nucleus
\n(d) mitochondria
\nAnswer:
\n(b) golgi apparatus<\/p>\n
Question 19.
\nOrganelle other than nucleus, containing DNA is
\n(a) endoplasmic reticulum
\n(b) golgi apparatus
\n(c) mitochondria
\n(d) lysosome
\nAnswer:
\n(c) mitochondria<\/p>\n
Question 20.
\nKitchen of the cell is
\n(a) mitochondria
\n(b) endoplasmic reticulum
\n(c) chloroplast
\n(d) golgi apparatus
\nAnswer:
\n(c) chloroplast<\/p>\n
Very Short Answer Questions<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1.
\nDefine a cell.
\nAnswer:
\nCell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of life.<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nWhich is the outermost boundary of a plant cell?
\nAnswer:
\nThe cell wall is the outermost boundary of a plant cell.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nWhich is the outermost boundary of an animal cell?
\nAnswer:
\nCell (Plasma) membrane is the outermost boundary of an animal cell.<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nWhy do you use glycerine when preparing the temporary mount of a cell?
\nAnswer:
\nGlycerine is used to prevent the dehydration of cells.<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\nName the cell organelles found in a green plant cell but not in an animal cell.
\nAnswer:
\nChloroplast containing chlorophyll that imparts the green colour to a plant cell.<\/p>\n
Question 6.
\nHow is cell wall different from cell membrane?
\nAnswer:
\nCell wall found in plant cell, made up of cellulose is dead but cell membrane found in both plant and animal cell, made up of protein and phospholipids is living.<\/p>\n
Question 7.
\nHow will you identify the nucleus in the plant cell?
\nAnswer:
\nNucleus is the dark pink stained small round body found at the periphery or the cell in a safranin stained cells.<\/p>\n
Question 8.
\nHow do you identify the cytoplasm in an animal cell?
\nAnswer:
\nCytoplasm is the light blue stained surface in between nucleus and cell membrane, in a cell stained with methylene blue or light pink in a cell stained with safranin.<\/p>\n
Question 9.
\nWhy are cells in onion peel rectangular but check cells are irregular in shape?
\nAnswer:
\nOnion peel cells have rigid cell wall that imparts them a specific shape but cell membrane being flexible and elastic fails to provide it a definite shape.<\/p>\n
Question 10.
\nWhy a student needs to stain the cells when preparing temporary mount?
\nAnswer:
\nA student needs to stain the cells when preparing temporary mount to develop a contrast in its different parts.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 11.
\nWhich adjustment will you use in microscope to focus the image of the specimen?
\nAnswer:
\nTo focus the image of the specimen, the coarse adjustment is used by the student.<\/p>\n
Question 12.
\nWhich are the two main functions of a microscope?
\nAnswer:
\nA microscope both resolves and magnifies the image of the specimen.<\/p>\n
Question 13.
\nWhen you will observe less number of magnified and resolved cells of a temporary mount underflow power or high power?
\nAnswer:
\nUnder the high power of 40X or 45X<\/p>\n
Question 14.
\nWhich is the longest body cell?
\nAnswer:
\nA neuron is the longest body cell.<\/p>\n
Question 15.
\nWhich cell in the human body has the finest cell membrane?
\nAnswer:
\nRed blood cells in. the blood have the finest cell membrane.<\/p>\n
Question 16.
\nWhich cell in a plant is living but non-nucleated?
\nAnswer:
\nSieve cells present in the phloem are living but non-nucleated.<\/p>\n
Question 17.
\nName the largest and the smallest living cell.
\nAnswer:
\nAn ostrich egg is the largest living cell while the PPLO, (Pleuro pneumonia like organism) a mycoplasm is the smallest living cell.<\/p>\n
Question 18.
\nIn which cells the vacuoles are small and not much prominent?
\nAnswer:
\nAn animal cell.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 19.
\nWhich cell organelle is found both in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
\nAnswer:
\nRibosome<\/p>\n
Question 20.
\nWhat are mesosomes?
\nAnswer:
\nThese are imaginations of plasma membrane found in prokaryotic cells. They are secretory in function and the site of cellular respiration.<\/p>\n
Short Answer Questions<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1.
\nState the contribution of Anton Von Leuween Hooke in developments that have taken place in field of cell biology.
\nAnswer:
\nAnton vop Leeuwen Hooke has observed the first living cell of unicellular organisms in a drop of pond water under his self built simple microscope. He is also considered as the pioneer of the simple microscope.<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nDo all organisms have similar type of cells?
\nAnswer:
\nNo, all organisms do not have similar type of cells because the shape and size of the cell depends upon the function, a cell needs to perform. Therefore, some cells are oval, some are motile with cilia or flagella and some are long like muscle fibres or neuron.<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nWhat are cell organelles? Give examples.
\nAnswer:
\nCell organelles are granule like structures found immersed in cell cytoplasm. Each cell organelle has a specific function to perform such as mitochondria is the seat of respiration and chloroplasts are the seat of photosynthesis in green plant cells.<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nDefine the following terms: Protoplasm, Cytoplasm and Nucleoplasm.
\nAnswer:
\nProtoplasm includes all the living material found in a cell invested by thin cell membrane. It is comprised of the nucleus and cytoplasm.<\/p>\n
Cytoplasm is the jelly like substance containing call organelles that is present in between the nucleus and cell membrane. The cytoplasm close to nucleus is in sol state while the cytoplasm close to cell membrane in gel state.<\/p>\n
Nucleoplasm is the jelly like substance that is presentin the nucleus of a cell. The network of fibre like structure called chromatin material is found immersed r it along with different types of RNA.<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\nState the major postulates of cell theory.
\nAnswer:
\nThe major postulates of cell theory proposed by Schwan and Schleiden are:<\/p>\n